11. Waste Trading Platform Integrated with Logistics Tracking for Logistic Providers

Executive Summary

BidBid Technologies SPC, in collaboration with iON LLC, proposes a comprehensive, future-ready digital ecosystem for be’ah’s Waste Trading & Collection System core component of the National Waste Management Platform.

This initiative advances Oman Vision 2040 by unifying waste trading, collection, and operational intelligence under a single digital infrastructure designed to promote sustainability, transparency, and circular economy growth.

The proposed solution integrates BidBid’s proprietary digital trading and auctioning framework with iON’s Mazin.Ai and Darbee platforms, creating a fully interoperable system that digitizes every layer of waste management-from marketplace transactions to real-time field operations.

At its foundation, BidBid’s Waste Trading & Collection Platform enables:

• A public auction marketplace for waste and recyclables, ensuring fair, transparent, and traceable transactions.
• A service-based collection management module for dispatching, tracking, and verifying transport and delivery.
• A live recyclables pricing index integrating international and local market data for real-time valuation and pricing accuracy.
• A billing and invoicing engine capable of integrating with be’ah’s ERP for seamless reconciliation.
• Complementing this, iON’s Mazin.Ai serves as the intelligence layer-leveraging artificial intelligence, analytics, and automation to unify data from be’ah’s operational systems, sensors, and logistics networks. It enables predictive analytics, AI-driven dashboards, and smart decision-making. Darbee, in turn, executes these insights on the ground, coordinating drivers, routes, and waste movements in real time through IoT and GPS integration.

Together, this combined solution forms be’ah’s Digital Nerve Centre-an intelligent operational environment ensuring:

• End-to-end integration with existing systems (ERP, CRM, OCC, and AFAQY).
• Real-time visibility, predictive insights, and data-driven governance.
• Full data sovereignty under Oman-based hosting, compliant with PDPL and MTCIT standards.
• Scalability for future modules such as ESG analytics, carbon tracking, and smart recycling.

All software components within the BidBid platform are fully owned and maintained by BidBid Technologies SPC, ensuring strict control over quality, cybersecurity, and system integrity. Meanwhile, iON’s AI and data modules enhance operational efficiency through automation, learning, and insight generation.

In summary, this joint proposal delivers a secure, intelligent, and locally engineered solution purpose-built for be’ah’s national waste management transformation. It empowers operational efficiency, transparency, and innovationpositioning Oman as a regional leader in smart waste management and circular economy enablement.

1. BidBid Platform Overview

BidBid

BidBid Technologies SPC is a $100 \%$ Omani-owned FinTech SME specializing in digital auctioning solutions and procurement automation. Our platform streamlines sourcing and auction processes by automating supplier communication, negotiation, and bid evaluation- empowering organizations to achieve substantial time and cost efficiencies.

With a commitment to transparency, efficiency, and innovation, BidBid contributes directly to Oman’s In-Country Value (ICV) objectives by promoting local technological capability, supporting digital transformation, and reducing dependency on foreign systems. The company is proudly backed by Omantel through the Oman Investment Authority (OIA), who are also among our shareholders, reinforcing confidence in our vision and capabilities.

BidBid has expanded its focus toward digital auctioning, where it has successfully facilitated and managed the auctioning of over $\mathbf{3 0 0}$ vehicles across both internal and public auctions for Omantel and Oman Housing Bank. Our solutions are trusted by leading organizations such as Omantel, Oman Arab Bank, and W.J. Towell, and have been successfully implemented both within Oman and internationally, including projects in Portugal and Kuwait.

BidBid’s secure, cloud-based platform continues to redefine how entities manage procurement and auctioningdelivering value through automation, governance, and data-driven decision-making.

Client Portfolio:

BidBid has successfully implemented its platform for various esteemed clients in Oman and internationally as well.

• Omantel: Oman’s largest telecommunications provider.
• W.J. Towell: One of the largest conglomerates in Oman.
• Oman Oilfields Supply Centre (OOSC) Group: Key player in oilfield services.
• Oman Housing Bank: Financial institution specializing in housing finance.
• WJ Towell - One of the largest Holding Group on MENA
• Muscat Stock Exchange: a closed Omani joint-stock company that regulates and controls the Omani securities market.
• Muscat Clearing and Depository: provides clearing, depository and registration services for Oman’s securities market.
• NJP -: Engineering company in Portugal
• ICEM: International College of Engineering and Management (ICEM) provide education in various areas of engineering.
• Oman Arab Bank: One of the largest banks in Oman.
• Muscat Finance: the first Non-Banking Financial Company in Oman, offering different financing products.

BidBid Platform Capabilities:

Real-Time Bidding: Enables suppliers to adjust their offers in real-time, fostering competitive pricing. Plug & Play Integration: Seamless integration with existing ERP systems, minimizing disruption. Effortless Automation: Eliminates manual tasks, streamlining digital trading and auctioning workflows. Data Analytics (MIS): Provides insights for informed decision-making and performance optimization.

Support and Training:

BidBid offers comprehensive support and training services: Dedicated Support Team: Ensures prompt resolution of issues and continuous assistance. User Training: Provides training sessions to ensure effective utilization of the platform. Continuous Improvement: Regular updates and enhancements based on client feedback and industry best practices.

Key Project & Engagement Credentials

1. Omantel

Contact Person: Wahbi Al Riyami - General Manager Treasury, Board Member Oman Data Park +96898080250 Zainab AI Lawati - Senior Accountant, Treasury Operations Project Details: Supported in sourcing and securing the best rates from local banks through live bidding. Successfully organized and executed the auction of $300+$ vehicles for Omantel staff and public participants, ensuring a seamless and transparent process.

2. W.J. Towell

Contact Person: Hamad Al Hajri - Group Head of Procurement +96897991124 Project Details: Procurement of materials, freight services, marketing, civil works, and more through BidBid’s automated platform.

3. Oman Oilfields Supply Centre (OOSC) Group

Contact Person: Michael Clifford - Group CFO, Board Member at Special Technical Services L.L.C. b +968 97164214 Project Details: Financial services procurement, specifically for securing competitive rates from banking institutions.

4. Oman Housing Bank

Contact Person: Mashal Al Amri - United Head of Procurement T: 24775898 | M: 97700331 Project Details: Tendering furniture and fixtures for a new location and used car auctioning via BidBid’s digital procurement system.

iON LLC - Key Project & References

1. iON Basket - Social Commerce Platform

Scope: Designed and developed a mobile-first social commerce platform that empowers merchants to rapidly convert social media accounts into fully functional storefronts. The platform supports Instagram, X and Facebook, allowing merchants to create product listings, manage orders, track inventory, and monitor real-time sales analytics. Advanced features integrated payment gateways, delivery partners, and seamless integration with social media for broader market exposure.

Outcome: Accelerated merchant onboarding, reducing setup time from weeks to days. Enhanced digital presence and sales performance for hundreds of merchants. Increased engagement, conversion rates, and overall operational efficiency while providing a scalable infrastructure for rapid expansion across the GCC region. Reference contact person name and email: Saif Al Maamari - saif.maamari@omantel.om

2. Darbee - Logistics Optimization Platform

Scope: Built a comprehensive logistics management platform supporting onboarding and order management for individuals, companies, and organizations, covering both B2B and B2C operations, freight aggregation, warehouse management, and last-mile delivery. Key features include dynamic route optimization, real-time vehicle tracking, inventory visibility, automated scheduling, predictive analytics for demand forecasting, and exception management. The platform delivers actionable insights to improve delivery planning, reduce operational bottlenecks, and increase visibility across the logistics chain.

Outcome: Streamlined logistics operations and improved delivery timelines by reducing delays and resource waste. Enhanced transparency and coordination across partner organizations. Delivered measurable cost reductions, optimized fleet utilization, and strengthened reliability in local and regional supply chains. Reference contact person name and email: Hashim Al Rawas - hashim@salalahlogistics.om

3. BidBid.Tech - Enterprise Procurement System

Scope: Developed a robust, enterprise-grade procurement platform enabling real-time bidding, automated vendor evaluation, and transparent communication between buyers and suppliers. Features include advanced workflow automation, compliance reporting, bid analytics, and vendor performance tracking. The system integrates seamlessly with enterprise ERP systems to support both small-scale and large-scale procurement processes efficiently.

Outcome: Streamlined procurement cycles, reducing vendor selection and approval timelines. Facilitated competitive bidding and enhanced transparency, resulting in cost savings and improved strategic sourcing. Strengthened auditability and governance while enabling enterprise clients to make faster, informed, and more data-driven procurement decisions.

4. Mazin.AI - Enterprise AI Platform Deployment

Scope: Delivered a cutting-edge AI-driven platform to support enterprise decision-making across HR, finance, marketing, and operational functions. Features include intelligent AI agents for automated workflows, predictive analytics for forecasting, anomaly detection, and scenario simulation. The platform is hybrid and on-premises ready to ensure compliance with national data sovereignty and regulatory policies and integrates seamlessly with existing enterprise systems to enhance operational intelligence and process automation.

Outcome: Enabled organizations to leverage AI for strategic and operational decision-making, reducing latency in daily processes and improving forecasting accuracy. Optimized workflow efficiency, enhanced productivity, and provided actionable insights supporting growth, risk management, and operational excellence. Reference contact person name and email: Mohamed Al Buraiki - mobreki@outlook.com

5. Xhawi Marketplace - Customized Merchant Platform (Omantel)

Scope: Developed a fully customized digital marketplace platform for end-to-end merchant onboarding, product catalog management, and operational integration. Integrated with AWS ERP and VTEX Marketplace to synchronize inventory, orders, payments, and multi-channel listings. Advanced tools include automated product categorization, catalog hygiene management, bulk upload capabilities, and data-driven reporting dashboards.

Outcome: Transformed merchant onboarding and catalog management into a fully automated, scalable process. Improved operational efficiency, enhanced inventory visibility, and ensured accurate multi-channel synchronization. Provided merchants with a unified interface to manage all aspects of their digital sales ecosystem, significantly improving user experience and marketplace performance. Reference contact person name and email: Daniel Anwar- 5aniel.anwar@xhawi.com

6. Smart Oil Sensors - Fuel Fleet Monitoring

Scope: Designed and deployed an advanced IoT-based fuel monitoring system for fleet management. The solution includes smart oil sensors installed in multiple fuel compartments of trucks, providing real-time data on fuel levels, temperature, and leakage detection. Integrated with a central dashboard for live monitoring, automated alerts, geofencing notifications, and predictive analytics to prevent fuel theft, wastage, and operational inefficiencies. Fully compatible with CAN bus wiring and wireless sensor units for autonomous operation.

Outcome: Enabled fleet operators to achieve end-to-end visibility of fuel usage and storage conditions. Reduced fuel losses and unauthorized consumption improved operational planning, and enhanced compliance with safety and environmental regulations. Delivered actionable insights for fleet optimization, cost reduction, and proactive maintenance. Reference contact person name and email: Farah Al Balushi - farah@anptco.com

2.1 BidBid Platform Scope

BidBid Technologies SPC acknowledges that the scope of the Waste Trading Platform is defined under Section 5.5 of the be’ah Request for Proposal, which covers the development and deployment of the Waste Trading & Collection System within the broader Waste Management Platform. The proposed BidBid system is intended to act as a digital marketplace and operational management tool that connects waste generators, recyclers, and transporters under a unified, transparent, and data-driven ecosystem.

The platform will enable public auctioning, direct service-based collection, real-time material pricing, and end-to-end operational management of recyclable waste flows across Oman. The proposed solution aligns with be’ah’s strategic direction to digitalize waste management operations, improve traceability, and enhance the efficiency of the collection and recycling value chain.

The Waste Trading & Collection System will encompass the following key components:

Public Auction Marketplace

Enables open and competitive bidding for recyclable and waste materials. Allows registered companies and entities to list, bid, and transact transparently. Incorporates secure payment workflows, bid management, and post-auction reporting.

Direct (Non-Auction) Collection Requests

Provides a streamlined service channel for users to request waste collection directly from approved service providers. Features job assignment, status tracking, and proof-of-service submission.

Live Recyclables Pricing Index

Displays real-time and historical pricing data for recyclable materials. Uses aggregated transaction data to generate analytics, trends, and dashboards for policy and operational insight.

Service-Based Collection Management

Enables management of collection logistics through transporter and driver modules. Supports route tracking through IVMS integration or optional driver mobile application. Provides operational dashboards for job status, completion rates, and performance metrics.

Administrative Controls and Reporting

Empowers Be’ah administrators to manage platform users, listings, and service providers. Includes configurable roles and permissions, data analytics, and system performance monitoring tools.

Billing and Invoicing with ERP Readiness

Automates invoice generation upon service completion or successful auction transactions. Supports configurable fee structures and tax calculations. Designed for seamless ERP integration through standardized APIs for future financial synchronization.

Figure 1: System Process Flow

This diagram illustrates the end-to-end workflow of the proposed Be’ah Waste Trading and Collection Platform, showing how generators, recyclers, and transporters interact through a unified marketplace. It highlights the integration of live pricing, payment gateways, IVMS tracking, and OCC verification to ensure transparent, traceable, and compliant waste transactions from listing to final disposal.

While the current scope focuses on delivering a standalone, fully functional platform, BidBid Technologies recognizes the importance of interoperability with be’ah’s existing systems. The proposed solution is therefore modular and APIready, allowing future integration with:

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems for billing, payment, and accounting data exchange. Operational Control Centre (OCC) for unified reporting and analytics. IVMS and Telematics systems for real-time vehicle and route tracking.

All integrations will follow secure, standards-based RESTful API protocols to ensure scalability, maintainability, and data integrity.

2.1.1 BidBid Platform Solution Overview

Frontend:

A fully responsive, bilingual (Arabic and English) web interface accessible via all major browsers. Provides user-facing views for waste generators, recyclers, transporters, and administrators. Includes the auction marketplace, service request module, dashboard analytics, and account management portals. Implements a modern UI/UX framework aligned with be’ah’s visual identity and accessibility requirements (WCAG 2.1 compliance).

Other Channels: WhatsApp chatbot, SMS notifications, and email notifications.

Backend:

A distributed backend composed of independent microservices managing different business domains: Auction Service: Manages listing creation, bid submission, closing logic, and transaction outcomes. Collection Logistics Service: Handles scheduling, transporter assignments, tracking, and status updates. Billing and Invoicing Service: Automates invoice generation, transaction validation, and reconciliation. User & Access Management: Controls authentication, authorization, and user role management. API Gateway: Provides a unified entry point for all external integrations and ensures security enforcement.

Database Layer:

A secure, relational PostgreSQL database hosted within Oman’s jurisdiction in compliance with MTCIT and PDPL regulations. Database: MongoDB for flexible data storage, PostgreSQL for transactional data. Caching: Redis for high-speed data access. Structured to support high transactional throughput and maintain full data traceability. Implements database replication, automated backup, and disaster recovery mechanisms.

Integration Layer:

Provides standardized RESTful APIs and webhook interfaces for interoperability with be’ah’s ERP, OCC, and IVMS systems. Designed with future integration in mind—enabling smooth expansion to include additional third-party systems (e.g., payment gateways or e-invoicing services). Supports secure data exchange using OAuth 2.0 and SSL encryption.

Middleware: Apache Kafka for event-driven integration with external systems (e.g., Traffic Department, payment gateways). API Gateway: Kong for secure and scalable API management.

Scalability and Resilience:

The microservices framework ensures that individual components can scale horizontally as usage grows, without impacting other modules. Load balancers and redundancy mechanisms will be deployed to guarantee system uptime and performance reliability. A modular container orchestration environment (e.g., Docker/Kubernetes) will enable efficient scaling and deployment management.

Infrastructure / Hosting Layer:

Cloud Provider: MTCIT-accredited provider (e.g., Oman Data Park). Environments: DEV, QA, UAT, PROD, and DR. Networking: High-speed 1 Gbps connectivity with OGN integration.

This architecture supports high concurrency (up to 10,000 simultaneous users), real-time bidding, and secure data handling, as validated in development versions (e.g., v18, v19).

2.1.2 BidBid Platform Functional Features

1. Marketplace:

The marketplace is the core component of the platform, enabling public auctioning of recyclable and waste materials through a secure and transparent digital environment.

Open Public Auctions: Authorized users (companies, recyclers, and brokers) can post recyclable materials for open bidding. Each listing includes material type, quantity, grade, location, and collection timeline.

Real-Time Bidding Engine: Built on BidBid’s proven auction core, the system supports simultaneous live auctions with automatic bid validation, anti-sniping logic, and instant winner confirmation.

User Registration & Verification: New users complete KYC validation through company license and contact verification. Multi-tier user profiles (auctioneer, buyer, transporter, admin) ensure controlled participation.

Winner Selection & Transaction Management: The platform automates winner declaration, contract confirmation, and initiates invoice creation once acceptance is confirmed.

Payment & Settlement Workflow: Supports integration with approved payment gateways for deposits and settlement; configurable to accommodate manual or ERP-linked settlements.

Rating & Feedback System: After completion of each transaction, users can rate their counterparties on parameters such as quality, timeliness, and reliability to promote marketplace integrity.

Multilingual Interface: All marketplace content and notifications are available in English and Arabic. Below are examples of the marketplace, which can be fully customised as per be’ah’s request.

Figure 2.1.2.1 Proposed Marketplace from an auctioneer’s view. A filter menu is available upon clicking the filter button.

Figure 2.1.2.2 Secondary proposed Marketplace view, filter menu included in the sidebar.

Figure 2.1.2.3 An Auctioneer’s view of live auctions - allowing the user to quickly see key information. Auctioneers will have the pages for Live, Planned, and Closed

Figure 2.1.2.4 Proposed bidders view of the detailed auction page.

Figure 2.1.2.5 Proposed bidders view of other bids from participating recyclers.

Create New Auction

Figure 2.1.2.6 Proposed auction form that auctioneers will fill to send for approval by be’ah admins. It is important to note that this form is fully customisable to be’ah requirements.

2. Non-Auction Direct Collection:

This module complements the auction system by allowing bidders (recyclers) to initiate a transportation request. It provides on-demand scheduling, granting eligible transporters a 24 -hour window to accept the request. The bidder (recycler) may then select from the list of transporters who have accepted the request. In the case that the awarded transported rejects the transport order, the transport order is re-initiated.

Instant Request Form: Waste generators can submit service requests specifying material, volume, pickup address, and preferred collection time.

Automated Matching: The dispatch engine matches requests with available transporters or service providers using filters that account for proximity, vehicle capacity, and historical performance.

Real-Time Status Tracking: Users can monitor request status (for example: “Pending → Assigned → In Transit → Completed”) through dashboards. Vehicle locations are updated via IVMS APIs or driver mobile app integration.

Proof of Delivery (POD): Drivers upload digital confirmation (photo, e-signature, or timestamped receipt) upon successful collection.

Notifications & Alerts: SMS / email alerts keep users informed of assignment, ETA, and completion events.

3. Live Recyclables Pricing Index:

The Live Recyclables Pricing Index provides continuous visibility into market prices for key recyclable materials, combining internal transaction data with trusted global and regional market feeds. Automated Data Aggregation: The platform aggregates completed auction results and direct-trade data to calculate real-time average prices for each recyclable category.

External Market Integration: APIs from leading sources such as Metals-API, Fastmarkets, MetalpriceAPI, and LME (London Metal Exchange), will be connected to benchmark local prices against international indices for metals, plastics, and paper.

Regional Benchmarking: Optional inclusion of GCC scrap market data (e.g., Gulf Scrap & Recyclables Bulletin) for regional comparison, upon availability.

Dynamic Be’ah Index: A proprietary weighted-average “Be’ah Recyclables Index” will be generated automatically from all completed marketplace transactions to represent Oman’s domestic market trend.

Visual Dashboards: Interactive charts display historical and live price movements, average deviations from global benchmarks, and forecasted trends using AI-based analytics.

Exportable Data Feeds: Authorized administrators can export data in CSV / JSON / API format for integration with OCC dashboards or analytical tools. It is important to note that importing live prices for scrap materials requires the use of external API’s. These API’s provide dedicated prices for dedicated categories (ex: API for metal, API for plastic, etc.). These API’s will not provide accurate prices as they use internation market price, that differ from the local market price. The display of local pricings would require a detailed database of previous market transactions in scrap which does not currently exist in the local market.

As such, if Be’ah would require the addition of new categories of scrap material to be added, this would require finding a suitable API for the new category to be developed and added to the platform.

Figure 4.1.3 Pricing index view, with price vs date graph.

4. Service-Based Collection Component:

This component manages the end-to-end logistics of waste collection services and ensures operational coordination between be’ah, transporters, and drivers. Transporter & Driver Interfaces: Dedicated web portals (and optional Flutter-based mobile apps) allow transporters to receive assignments, allocate drivers, and update job status.

Job Management: Each collection request-auction or direct-is tracked as a discrete job with real-time status and event logs.

IVMS Integration: Live GPS feeds from in-vehicle IVMS devices are displayed on the administrative dashboard, showing current location, route deviation, and speed compliance.

Proof of Delivery (POD): Digital confirmation captured via app camera or e-signature is automatically attached to each completed job and archived for auditing.

Performance Metrics: Built-in analytics calculate service KPIs such as average turnaround time, successful collections per day, and transporter reliability scores.

5. Contract and Compliance Subsystem:

To complement the collection operations, the system includes an advanced Contract Management Module that digitizes and automates all contractual interactions between be’ah and waste generators. It provides a structured, rule-based mechanism to manage multiple contracts, define generator classifications, and ensure compliance with regulatory and operational requirements.

Key Features:

Generator Grading and Waste Stream Customization:

The system allows be’ah to categorize waste generators based on their waste type and volume output. Contract templates can be customized accordingly - for example, differentiating terms between small, medium, and large generators. Under these agreements, be’ah will supply and maintain bins according to the generator’s classification and location.

Document & Compliance Management:

Centralized storage and management of all documentation, including contracts, permits, and compliance certificates. The system allows authorized users to upload, modify, and manage records with full version control and audit trails.

Contract Renewal Automation:

The platform automatically tracks contract duration and renewal periods. It can be configured to link renewal cycles with the expiry dates of external permits or licenses (e.g., municipal or environmental authorities such as Oman Business Platform). Integration with relevant external stakeholders ensures synchronized contract renewal and regulatory compliance.

Reminder Alerts & Notifications:

Automated alerts notify both administrators and waste generators ahead of contract expiry, based on configurable timeframes (e.g., 30, 60, or 90 days in advance). Notifications are delivered via dashboard alerts, email, and SMS.

Contract Interface for Generators:

Waste generators can access a centralized contract dashboard through their user account. This interface enables them to review, digitally sign, and renew contracts online, with digital certificates or e-signatures supported as per Omani eTransaction Law.

Contract Versioning & Audit Trail:

Every contract amendment, renewal, or modification is recorded within a version history log, maintaining full traceability for auditing and compliance verification. The system also supports downloadable version summaries for reporting purposes.

Status Indicators:

A real-time dashboard displays the current status of all contracts: Active, Pending Approval, Expired, Pending Renewal, or Terminated, allowing administrators to filter and manage records efficiently.

6. Contract and Compliance Subsystem:

The platform will feature an automated billing and invoicing engine that standardizes all financial workflows and ensures readiness for integration with be’ah’s ERP systems. This component will be mainly utilised to manage deposits from auctioneers (Large waste generators) and receive payment of transaction / services charges from auctioneer’s post completion of sale with the bidder (recycler). This step is completed prior to the initiation of the transport order from the bidder. A payment gateway (e.g., Bank Muscat, AmwalPay) will be used. Automated Invoice Generation: Invoices are generated immediately upon confirmed auction closure or verified collection completion.

Multi-Tier Fee Structure: Supports variable service fees-transaction-based, subscription-based, or per-serviceconfigurable through the admin portal.

Tax and Compliance: Handles VAT calculations and issues compliant tax invoices in Omani Rial (OMR).

ERP-Ready Integration: Exposes secure REST APIs for seamless synchronization of invoice and payment data with ERP platforms such as SAP or Oracle.

Payment Reconciliation: Tracks invoice status, partial payments, and outstanding balances; automatically flags discrepancies for administrative review.

Audit Trail: Each billing event is logged and immutable for compliance with financial and regulatory requirements.

7. Contract and Compliance Subsystem:

The Administrative Control Panel provides be’ah full visibility and control over system users, transactions, and operations. User Verification & Access Control: Admins can approve new registrations, assign or revoke roles, and manage access rights across the organization.

Content Management: Ability to review and approve auction listings, direct collection requests, and transporter profiles.

System Configuration: Manage platform parameters such as bid increment rules, pricing ceilings, and notification templates.

Operational Analytics: Real-time dashboards displaying transaction volumes, revenue generation, and material recovery statistics.

Audit Logs & Compliance: Every administrative action is recorded with user ID, timestamp, and change details to maintain full accountability.

Multi-Tenant Support: Enables separate administrative layers if the system is later expanded to other regions, zones, or subsidiaries.

8. Security and Compliance:

OWASP-Compliant Security Practices: Application development follows the OWASP Top 10 guidelines to protect against vulnerabilities such as XSS, CSRF, and injection attacks.

Encryption & Access Control: AES-256 encryption for data at rest and TLS 1.3 for data in transit. Role-based access control (RBAC) with granular privileges.

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Required for all administrative accounts and optional for general users.

Secure Hosting Environment: Data stored in Oman at a Tier 3 or higher MTCIT-accredited data centre, ensuring compliance with the Oman Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL).

Continuous Monitoring & Auditing: Integration with SIEM tools for real-time threat detection and periodic third-party penetration testing.

Regulatory Compliance: The platform already meets the security validation standards of the Ministry of Transport, Communications, and Information Technology (MTCIT) and adheres to ISO 27001 principles.

2.1.3 BidBid Platform: User Experience and Accessibility

BidBid Technologies recognizes that the success of the proposed system depends on the clarity, intuitiveness, and inclusiveness of the user experience. Therefore designed around a user-centred philosophy, ensuring that all user groups: administrators, waste generators, recyclers, transporters, and the public can interact efficiently, securely, and confidently with the system in both Arabic and English.

The platform’s design follows a structured UX lifecycle that includes user research, prototyping, validation, and continuous feedback during operation.

Research & Persona Mapping: User personas will be developed for each stakeholder group (e.g., auctioneers, auction participants, drivers, be’ah administrators) to guide interface priorities and workflows.

Wireframing & Prototyping: Early interactive prototypes will be created and validated with be’ah representatives before final UI development.

Iterative Improvement: User feedback and analytics data (session heat-maps, task success rates) will guide subsequent enhancements.

This approach ensures a coherent, low-friction journey from registration through transaction completion and reporting. The interface will adopt modern, accessible design standards consistent with be’ah’s branding and WCAG 2.1 Level AA accessibility criteria.

Core principles include:

Simplicity: Minimal-click navigation with clear hierarchy and contextual prompts. Consistency: Uniform layouts and colour schemes across public, transporter, and administrative views. Responsiveness: Adaptive design for desktops, tablets, and mobile browsers using the same codebase. Bilingual Layout: Right-to-left rendering for Arabic and left-to-right for English, with dynamic language toggle. Visual Clarity: Colour contrast and font scaling compliant with accessibility guidelines.

User groups and tailored experiences:

Figure 2.1.3.1 Be’ah administrator workflow

Figure 2.1.3.2

Auctioneer and Bidder workflow.

It is important to note that the possibility of bidders being able to provide their own logistics has been taken to account

• as shown with the dotted arrows.

2.1.4 BidBid Platform: Mobile Application and Field Operations Integration

To complement the web-based Waste Trading & Collection Platform, BidBid Technologies SPC proposes a dedicated mobile application as an alternative or extended solution for field-level data capture, real-time visibility, and decentralized operations.

This mobile interface-accessible to be’ah administrators, operational teams, and ground staff-ensures that waste collection, verification, and trading processes are seamlessly connected across all tiers of the organization. Additionally, this adds another level of accessibility for end users participating in Auctions (Recyclers/Bidders, Transporters, Auctioneers, etc…) and allows them to view real time updates and take real time actions via a mobile view.

Core Functionalities:

Waste Data Entry & Validation: Users can record recyclable waste at the source or collection point, capturing essential information such as waste category, quantity, and type.

Visual Verification: Each entry will be supported by geo-tagged photos and timestamped documentation for traceability and audit purposes.

Real-Time Synchronization: The mobile app will automatically push validated data to the WTP backend, maintaining a unified, up-to-date database across all waste collection points.

The mobile application serves as a real-time operational extension of the web-based Waste Trading & Collection Platform, enabling users to perform essential tasks anytime, anywhere. It connects field operations (waste collection, landfill monitoring, and transport coordination) with the trading and administrative ecosystem, ensuring that all stakeholders remain synchronized and up to date.

Each user type has restricted access and defined privileges, consistent with their web-based permissions, and will be refined further in coordination with be’ah during the implementation phase.

This addition clearly shows that the mobile app extends accessibility and operational responsiveness to all users without altering security roles or permissions - while emphasizing real-time engagement and convenience.

Figure 2.4.1.1 Proposed mobile view of the Trading platform (left and centre image) and the Collection upload form.

Data Handling & Publishing Logic

All submitted data will flow into the Waste Trading Platform (WTP) where it will be processed according to configurable system settings:

Manual Approval Mode: WTP administrators can manually review and approve new recyclable waste entries before they are published on the platform.

Automated (Dynamic) Mode: The system can be configured to automatically publish specific waste categories or submissions from approved users, based on pre-set parameters. This ensures that high-frequency or low-risk categories are listed instantly, while sensitive or high-value materials remain subject to administrative review.

Figure 2.4.1.2 Collection Upload workflow overview.

2. Darbee Overview

DRRBEE

EASY LOGISTICS

Darbee is the execution and coordination layer that transforms Mazin.Ai’s intelligence into real-world action. It bridges the gap between strategic decision-making and on-ground waste management, ensuring that every insight generated by Mazin.Ai is executed efficiently, safely, and transparently.

Once Mazin.Ai identifies the capacity requirement, or collection schedule, Darbee automatically:

• Assigns drivers and vehicles based on location, vehicle type, and availability.
• Generates optimized logistics routes in real time.
• Coordinates transportation of waste from Location A to Location B efficiently and securely.
• Validates and records every operation through integrated IoT and GPS data.
• It acts as the operational control center of the be’ah Waste Management Platform (WMP), ensuring that all field activities, from waste pickup to landfill delivery, are executed, validated, and recorded in real time within a single digital ecosystem.

1 Platform Role

Darbee converts analytical insights into on-ground execution. When Mazin.Ai identifies a waste collection need, Darbee:

• Receives the approved RFQ from BidBid.
• Automatically assigns drivers and vehicles.
• Plans the most efficient route.
• Tracks execution in real time.
• Validates completion and generates billing data.

2 Darbee Scope

1. Operational Backbone

• Manages driver assignments, vehicle dispatching, route scheduling, and transfer tracking.
• Acts as the execution platform from collection → transfer → landfill/recycling.
• Interfaces directly with Mazin.Ai and AFAQY to ensure synchronized field operations.

3. Real-Time Logistics Management

• Monitors IoT-enabled bins, vehicles, and facilities through GPS and sensor data.
• Integrates with AFAQY systems and OCC dashboards for live visibility.
• Supports exception alerts for delays, route deviations, or service anomalies.

Completed onloading cargo. Start your journey now! ORD-100097 / SHP-100097 Complete Onloading Distance: 938.29 km

◯ Ibri djf, xnfn, Ibri, dnd, Ad Dhahirah Governorate, Oman

3. Billing & Compliance

• Handles service validation, automated invoicing, and contractor KPI tracking.
• Integrates with be’ah’s ERP and payment gateways for transparent financial reconciliation.
• Ensures each activity is digitally verified with timestamps, geolocation, and IoT data.

Records

Completed Cancelled

Delivered: 16 Oct 2025, 10:03 AM #ORD-100150 16 Oct 2025, 09:58 AM ◯ Nizwa ◯ Al Khoudh Street

Delivered: 21 Sep 2025, 01:58 PM #ORD-100139 12 Aug 2025, 10:08 AM ◯ Nizwa ◯ Near Sohar

Delivered: 20 Oct 2025, 04:02 PM #ORD-100097 03 Jul 2025, 01:08 PM ◯ Ibri ◯ Salalah

Delivered: 20 May 2025, 12:48 PM

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4. Data Synchronization

• Syncs operational data back to Mazin.Ai and AFAQY for unified analytics.
• Maintains a consistent dataset for all stakeholders, be’ah, contractors, and municipalities.
• Provides auditable logs ensuring regulatory transparency and traceability.

3.3 Strategic Value

By merging automation and traceability, Darbee enables:

• Efficiency: Up to $40 \%$ improvement in operational throughput.
• Accountability: Complete audit trails and immutable records.
• Transparency: Real-time monitoring and reporting across all contractors.
• Scalability: Modular framework for future waste streams and regional expansion.

3.4 Relationship Summary

8. Implementation Methodology & Phases

The deployment of the be’ah Waste Management Platform (WMP), powered by Mazin.Ai and Darbee, will be executed through a clearly defined, time-bound plan that emphasizes rapid implementation, local capacity building, and zero operational disruption.

The total project duration is five ( 5 ) months, covering design, development, integration, testing, and handover.

8.1 Delivery Methodology

BidBid Technologies SPC and iON LLC will adopt a hybrid Agile-Waterfall methodology, ensuring both speed and governance control. This model provides iterative progress visibility to be’ah while maintaining firm delivery milestones and quality gates.

Key principles include:

• Collaborative Execution: Continuous coordination with be’ah’s OCC and PMO teams.
• Parallel Workstreams: Development of BidBid Platform, Mazin.Ai, Darbee, and Data Warehouse components in tandem.
• Incremental Validation: Phase-end demonstrations and acceptance testing.
• Knowledge Transfer: Embedded training and documentation at every milestone.

8.2 Implementation Phases (5-Month Plan) | Phase | Duration | Key Objectives | Major Deliverables | | :— | :— | :— | :— | | Phase 1 Discovery & Design | Weeks 1 -4 | Conduct stakeholder workshops to align functional scope across BidBid, Mazin.Ai, and Darbee; finalize unified architecture, API map, and data model; define security and compliance framework; develop detailed implementation roadmap. | - Approved solution design & architecture diagrams• Integration & data-flow specifications (ERP, OCC, AFAQY, IVMS)• BidBid platform module wireframes & UX prototypes • Project charter & delivery schedule | | Phase 2 Development & Configuration | Weeks 5 -12 | Configure Mazin.Ai core modules, Data Warehouse, and Darbee operational layer; concurrently develop and adapt BidBid’s Waste Trading & Collection Platform modules for auctions, logistics, | - Configured Mazin.Ai dashboard & analytics engine • BidBid Waste Trading & Collection modules (Marketplace, Collection, Billing, Pricing Index)• Data Warehouse deployed with PDPL compliance • |

8.3 Project Governance & Quality Assurance

• Steering Committee: Weekly progress reviews between BidBid, iON, and be’ah.
• Quality Control: Every deliverable validated through QA, UAT, and sign-off checkpoints.
• Change Management: Formal review and approval for any scope adjustment.
• Documentation: Full technical and operational documentation prepared per 27001 guidelines.

8.4 Training & Knowledge Transfer

During Phase 4, BidBid and iON will deliver comprehensive, bilingual (Arabic/English) training sessions covering:

• OCC dashboard operation and monitoring.
• Workflow management and escalation handling.
• Report generation and analytics interpretation.
• System administration, data backup, and security management.
• Operation of the Waste Trading & Collection Platform, including auction creation, bid evaluation, and contract award workflows.

Management of direct service requests, transporter assignments, and collection tracking through the logistics module. Use of the billing and invoicing engine, including reconciliation, reporting, and ERP integration workflows.

Monitoring and interpretation of the live recyclables pricing index and marketplace analytics dashboard.

Administration of user roles, access control, and system configuration through the BidBid admin portal.

• Data export, audit log review, and compliance reporting for be’ah’s internal governance requirements.
• Training materials and recorded sessions will remain with be’ah for future internal use.
• Post-Go-Live Support
• A four-week stabilization period will follow Go-Live, during which BidBid and iON provide:
• 24/7 incident monitoring and bug resolution.
• System performance tuning and optimization.
• On-site support to OCC staff during transition.
• After stabilization, the system will move to be’ah’s regular maintenance schedule.

8.6 Implementation Timeline Summary

8.7 Expected Outcomes

By following this 5 -month methodology, BidBid Technologies SPC and iON LLC ensures:

• A fully operational national platform delivered on time and within scope.
• Zero data loss and full compliance with PDPL and ISO standards.
• Empowered be’ah teams capable of managing and extending the platform independently.
• A sustainable, future-ready digital backbone for Oman’s waste-management transformation.

9. Support, Maintenance & SLAs

The long-term success of the be’ah Waste Management Platform (WMP) relies on a robust post-deployment support framework that ensures system stability, continuous performance monitoring, and adherence to be’ah’s operational and regulatory standards.

BidBid Technologies and iON LLC will provide end-to-end support and maintenance services for the integrated Mazin.Ai + Darbee + BidBid Platform + Data Warehouse ecosystem, under clearly defined Service Level Agreements (SLAs) to guarantee reliability, data integrity, and minimal downtime.

9.1 Support Model Overview

The support structure is designed around a three-tier model, ensuring prompt incident handling and continuous optimization:

9.2 Maintenance Scope

The maintenance framework ensures system reliability, performance optimization, and security compliance across all components:

• Preventive Maintenance

Scheduled system health checks, log reviews, and patch management. Regular database optimization and backup verification. Al model retraining and data warehouse cleanup to maintain efficiency.

• Corrective Maintenance

Rapid response to incidents, bugs, or performance issues. Root-cause analysis and permanent corrective measures. Continuous monitoring of integrations with AFAQY, BidBid, and ERP systems.

• Adaptive Maintenance

Enhancements to support new regulatory requirements or be’ah’s internal process changes. API and module updates aligned with evolving OCC operational needs. Version control and upgrade management for Mazin.Ai, Darbee and BidBid modules.

9.3 SLA Commitments

BidBid Technologies SPC and iON LLC will adhere to measurable Service Level Agreements (SLAs) to ensure high system availability, rapid response, and consistent performance.

9.4 Monitoring and Reporting

• Proactive Monitoring: 24/7 monitoring of system health, API latency, and AI inference performance using automated alerts.
• Monthly SLA Reviews: Joint review meetings between BidBid, iON and be’ah OCC to evaluate performance metrics and continuous improvement opportunities.
• Compliance Audits: Regular PDPL and ISO 27001/42001 audit alignment to ensure ongoing data security certification.
• Feedback Loop: OCC user feedback integrated into upcoming updates and optimization cycles.

9.5 Disaster Recovery & Business Continuity

• To maintain uninterrupted operations in the event of failure or disaster:
• A secondary disaster recovery (DR) instance will be maintained within Oman.
• Failover and replication mechanisms will ensure Recovery Time Objective (RTO) < 2 hours and Recovery Point Objective (RPO) < 30 minutes.
• Regular DR drills will be scheduled and logged as part of quarterly maintenance.

9.6 Support Channels

iON will provide multi-channel support during the maintenance period:

• Email & Ticketing System: 24/7 support via dedicated portal.
• Phone Hotline: Direct access for urgent incidents.
• On-Site Support: Available for critical issues or scheduled reviews.
• Escalation Matrix: Defined contact hierarchy for response escalation and issue tracking.

9.7 Duration of Support

• Initial post-implementation support will cover 12 months from Go-Live, including both warranty and proactive maintenance.
• This can be extended annually based on be’ah’s operational requirements and service-level review.

9.8 Strategic Value

By maintaining the Mazin.Ai + Darbee ecosystem under a structured SLA model, be’ah ensures:

• Operational continuity with near-zero downtime.
• Data protection and compliance under Omani jurisdiction.
• Continuous performance improvement through proactive monitoring.
• Sustained innovation and scalability through adaptive updates and AI optimization.

10. Hardware Requirements

The be’ah Waste Management Platform (WMP), powered by Mazin.Ai and Darbee, will be hosted entirely within Omanbased Tier III+cloud or data center infrastructure in line with PDPL and TRA regulations. The architecture is designed for high availability, scalability, and security, ensuring consistent performance across AI analytics, data warehousing, and operational execution layers. All hardware specifications below represent minimum recommended configurations required to achieve full functionality and performance at the national level.

10.1 Infrastructure Architecture Overview

The platform will be deployed in a three-tier architecture:

10.2 BidBid Platform Hardware Requirements

10.3 Mazin.Ai Hardware Requirements

Mazin.Ai is compute-intensive due to AI model training, data analytics, and dashboard rendering. It requires a balanced configuration of CPU, GPU, and high-speed SSD storage for optimal performance.

10.4 Darbee Hardware Requirements

Darbee’s primary workload focuses on logistics execution, data synchronization, and real-time monitoring. It requires a lightweight but resilient infrastructure, optimized for uptime and data throughput.

10.5 Data Warehouse & Storage Requirements

The National Data Warehouse serves as the central intelligence repository shared between Mazin.Ai and Darbee. It will host structured, semi-structured, and historical data while ensuring PDPL compliance and fast retrieval.

10.6 Network & Security Infrastructure

To ensure secure connectivity and continuous operations, the following are recommended:

10.7 Scalability and Future Readiness

The system architecture is fully modular and horizontally scalable, allowing expansion as be’ah’s data and user base grow.

• Additional GPU nodes can be added for advanced AI model training.
• Storage can be extended seamlessly through local SAN/NAS solutions.
• Darbee’s application servers can scale independently to handle increased contractor and route loads.
• All components support containerized deployment (Docker/Kubernetes) for flexible resource management.

10.8 Hosting & Data Residency

• All components will be hosted within Oman’s sovereign cloud or local data centers such as Oman Data Park, Cloud Acropolis, or be’ah’s private cloud, ensuring:
• $100 \%$ data residency within Oman.
• High availability ( $\geq 99.982 \%$ ).
• Tier III+ certification compliance.
• Full adherence to PDPL and ISO 27001 security standards.

10.9 Summary of Hardware Requirements | Category | BidBid Platform | Mazin.Ai | Darbee | Data Warehouse | | :— | :— | :— | :— | :— | | Application Servers | 2 | 2 | 1 | - | | Database Servers | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | GPU Nodes | - | 1 | - | - | | Backup Nodes | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | Storage Capacity | ${ }^{\sim} 8 \mathrm{~TB}$ | ~15 TB | $\sim 3 \mathrm{~TB}$ | ~10 TB | | Hosting | Oman Tier III+ Cloud | Oman Tier III+ Cloud | Oman Tier III+ Cloud | Oman Tier III+ Cloud |

10.9 Strategic Assurance

This hardware design guarantees:

• High-performance AI analytics for Mazin.Ai.
• Real-time operational reliability for the BidBid Platform and Darbee.
• Data resilience and redundancy for the national warehouse.
• Compliance with Oman’s data sovereignty policies.
• A future-proof foundation for be’ah’s smart waste management expansion.

11. Conclusion

The proposed BidBid platform, together with the Mazin.AI + Darbee ecosystem, represents far more than a technology deployment-it establishes the foundation of Oman’s future-ready environmental intelligence and circular economy framework. By combining artificial intelligence, national data governance, automated operational execution, and a scalable waste trading marketplace, iON LLC delivers an integrated solution that embodies be’ah’s digital transformation vision and Oman’s broader Vision 2040 goals.

Through this unified architecture, be’ah gains:

• End-to-end operational visibility, covering all waste management processes and marketplace transactions.
• Predictive governance through AI-driven analytics, automated decision-making, and real-time insights.
• National data sovereignty, ensuring that all information remains securely hosted within Oman.
• Operational excellence powered by automation, loT integration, continuous performance monitoring, and a user-centric platform design.
• Sustainability and scalability, enabling future expansion into ESG reporting, smart recycling, carbon tracking, and circular economy trading.

This collaboration transforms waste management from a reactive process into a proactive, intelligent, and commercially enabled ecosystem, optimizing resources while empowering policymakers, field operators, and citizens to build a cleaner, smarter Oman. With BidBid’s marketplace fostering digital transparency and market participation, be’ah is positioned as a national enabler of circular economy initiatives and a regional benchmark for sustainable technology, AI-driven environmental management, and digital innovation.

BidBid Technologies SPC is fully committed to partnering with be’ah to ensure successful delivery, long-term operational excellence, and the realization of Oman’s vision for a smarter, greener, and economically empowered future.